It is a condition characterized by the weakening and brittleness of bones due to bone density and mass loss. Often referred to as a “silent disease,” it progresses stealthily without noticeable symptoms until a bone fracture occurs, typically in the spine, hip, or wrist.
The bones in our body are dynamic structures undergoing a process of breakdown and rebuilding. Osteoporosis disrupts this balance, causing bones to become porous, fragile, and more susceptible to fractures. While osteoporosis can affect both men and women, it is more common among women, especially after menopause, when oestrogen levels decline, accelerating bone loss.
Common signs include:
- Back Pain: Often caused by fractured vertebrae or collapsed spinal bones.
- Loss of Height: Over time, bones in the spine weaken and compress.
- Stooped Posture: Resulting from spinal fractures that cause a curved or hunched appearance.
- Fractures: Occurring from minor incidents like a fall from a standing height or even spontaneously in severe cases.
Empower yourself against osteoporosis by understanding its risk factors and adopting proactive measures:
- Nutrition: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D supports bone health. Calcium sources include dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods. Vitamin D, crucial for calcium absorption, comes from sunlight exposure and supplements.
- Exercise: Weight-bearing exercises like walking, jogging, or resistance training help build and maintain bone density. Additionally, balance and flexibility exercises reduce the risk of falls.
- Lifestyle Choices: Avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption are crucial. Smoking interferes with calcium absorption, while excessive alcohol consumption can decrease bone formation.
- Medical Management: For individuals at higher risk, especially post-menopausal women or those with a family history, medical consultation may include bone density testing (DEXA scan) and medications to slow bone loss or build bone strength.
Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle due to loss of density and mass, often progressing silently until fractures occur. Preventive measures include, a balanced diet is rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol. Early detection through screening and timely medical intervention is crucial for managing osteoporosis and preserving bone health effectively.
